Fig. 2
Representative raw electroretinography (ERG) waveforms. The representative raw ERG waveforms of db/+ mice (grey) and db/db mice (blue) recorded at 9 and 25 weeks of age at four different stimulus intensities belonging to four different light zones, as described previously [25]. The scotopic threshold response (STR) refers to the response from the first light zone, which is suggested to arise from third-order retinal cells, including ganglion cells and amacrine cells. Responses from the second light zone (i.e., − 3.3 log cd·s/m2) represent predominantly rods to rod-depolarizing bipolar cells responses, while those from the third light zone (i.e., − 1.3 log cd·s/m2) consist of responses from rods to rod-depolarizing bipolar cells and rods to cone-depolarizing bipolar cells. In addition, the responses from the fourth light zone (i.e., + 1.3 log cd·s/m2) involve signals from the cone-related pathway