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Table 3 RCD (%) in diabetic patients grouped by major risk factors

From: Associated risk factors in the early stage of diabetic retinopathy

 

Percentage

Age

SRCL

DRCL

 

NDR

MDR

Control

   

43.9 ± 1.8

52.6 ± 3.0

Diabetes

     

Age < 55y

81.5% (53)

18.5% (12)

–

42.4 ± 3.4c

50.7 ± 4.6a

Age > 55y

60.7% (37)

39.3% (24)

–

41.6 ± 2.4c

47.1 ± 6.8c

P Value

   

0.064

< 0.001

HbA1c < 7%

82.0% (41)

18.0% (9)

53.0 ± 12.5

42.4 ± 3.1c

50.3 ± 5.0a

HbA1c > 7%

63.9% (49)

36.1% (2)

55.8 ± 11.8

41.9 ± 2.5c

47.8 ± 6.7c

P Value

  

0.233

0.335

0.010

LDL-C < 3.1 mmol/L

71.6% (58)

28.4% (23)

55.1 ± 12.3

42.5 ± 2.6c

49.3 ± 5.5c

LDL-C > 3.1 mmol/L

68.0% (17)

32.0% (8)

51.2 ± 13.3

41.4 ± 2.8c

47.7 ± 7.6c

P Value

  

0.179

0.035

0.168

BUN < 8.2 mmol/L

71.0% (66)

29.0% (27)

54.4 ± 11.7

42.3 ± 2.6c

49.3 ± 5.8c

BUN > 8.2 mmol/L

60.0% (3)

40.0% (2)

53.2 ± 18.8

40.1 ± 2.7c

42.4 ± 10.7c

P Value

  

0.833

0.033

0.002

  1. RCD = retinal capillary density; Control = control eyes; NDR = diabetic patients with no DR; MDR = diabetic patients with mild DR; SRCL = superficial retinal capillary layer; DRCL = deep retinal capillary layer; HbA1c = glycosylated hemoglobin A1c; LDL-C = low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; BUN = blood urea nitrogen
  2. One-way ANOVA P values between diabetic groups and control group: a represents < 0.05; b represents < 0.01; c represents < 0.001. One-way ANOVA P values among subgroups of diabetes patients: bold P-value represents < 0.05