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Table 1 OCTA characteristics among different DME grades

From: Optical coherence tomography angiography metrics in different stages of diabetic macular edema

 

FAZ parameters

SVP

DVP

 

DME severity

FAZ area (mm2)

FAZ perimeter (mm)

Acircularity index

FD-300 (%)

Whole VD (%)

Parafoveal VD (%)

Whole VD (%)

Parafoveal VD (%)

Foveal thickness (μm)

Group I Early

(n = 24)

0.34 (0.22, 0.39)

2.43 (1.94, 2.77)

1.17 (1.14, 1.25)

39.36 ± 5.58

35.74 ± 4.18

37.23 ± 4.86

41.71 ± 4.98

43.88 ± 5.54

320.00 ± 43.04

Group II Advanced

(n = 53)

0.28 (0.20, 0.38)

2.32 (1.92, 2.66)

1.18 (1.15, 1.27)

40.59 ± 4.54

33.88 ± 4.39

35.26 ± 4.89

40.80 ± 5.35

42.91 ± 5.95

451.34 ± 88.39

Group III Severe

(n = 15)

0.30 (0.22, 0.46)

2.41 (2.11, 3.48)

1.24 (1.19, 1.55)

41.72 ± 3.95

35.74 ± 5.24

36.67 ± 5.94

37.35 ± 5.86

37.70 ± 7.19

540.07 ± 220.79

P value*

0.721

0.395

0.005

0.308

0.149

0.251

0.041

0.006

 < 0.001

P value I vs. II

  

 > 0.999

   

 > 0.999

0.515

 < 0.001

P value II vs. III

  

0.007

   

0.030

0.004

 < 0.001

P value I vs. III

  

0.009

   

0.015

0.003

 < 0.001

P value (adjusted) *†

0.721

0.856

0.016

0.143

0.809

0.710

0.023

0.007

 < 0.001

P value I vs. II (adjusted) †

  

0.954

   

0.337

0.407

 < 0.001

P value II vs. III (adjusted) †

  

0.003

   

0.035

0.012

 < 0.001

P value I vs. III (adjusted) †

  

0.006

   

0.018

0.005

 < 0.001

  1. OCTA = optical coherence tomography angiography; DME = diabetic macular edema; FAZ = foveal avascular zone; FD-300 = foveal vessel density in a 300-μm-wide region around FAZ; VD = vessel density; SVP = superficial vascular plexus; DVP = deep vascular plexus
  2. *Comparisons among different severity levels of DME
  3. †Adjusted for sex, age, type of diabetes mellitus, diabetic retinopathy severity level, and a history of glycated hemoglobin A1c, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, renal impairment, and smoking