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Table 4 Demographics of top 5 variables listed in the Fisher’s scoring system using different variables from Pentacam HR model and UHR-OCT model to discriminate sub-clinical KC group from normal group

From: Machine learning helps improve diagnostic ability of subclinical keratoconus using Scheimpflug and OCT imaging modalities

 

Mean ± SD

Intragroup Comparison

Normal

Sub KC

KC

Normal vs. Sub KC

Normal vs. KC

Features

   

P

 

Pentacam & UHR-OCT Model

 EPV (μm) b

2.8 ± 0.7

4.1 ± 1.0

6.8 ± 2.5

<  0.001

<  0.001

 BPV (μm) b

1.3 ± 0.3

1.7 ± 0.5

2.6 ± 1.0

<  0.001

<  0.001

 EMax (back) (mm) a

4.8 ± 2.5

11.1 ± 7.4

28.5 ± 10.3

<  0.001

<  0.001

 ISV a

17.2 ± 5.9

24.5 ± 8.3

91.0 ± 37.2

<  0.001

<  0.001

 KI a

1.02 ± 0.03

1.05 ± 0.03

1.21 ± 0.12

<  0.001

<  0.001

Pentacam Model

 IVA

0.1 ± 0.1

0.2 ± 0.1

0.8 ± 0.4

<  0.001

<  0.001

 Ecenter (back) (mm)

−0.6 ± 2.2

1.9 ± 5.0

14.7 ± 10.6

0.012

<  0.001

UHR-OCT Model

 EPSD (μm)

3.3 ± 1.1

4.4 ± 1.2

7.9 ± 2.4

<  0.001

<  0.001

 BEI-MAX (I/S) (μm)

78.6 ± 5.4

63.6 ± 23.4

50.0 ± 14.4

0.001

<  0.001

 BMIN (I) (μm)

15.2 ± 1.5

12.4 ± 4.5

9.4 ± 2.6

0.001

<  0.001

  1. a Included in the UHR-OCT model. b Included in the Pentacam model. Sub KC= subclinical keratoconus group; KC= keratoconus group; UHR-OCT= ultra-high resolution optical coherence tomography; EPV= profile variation of epithelium; BPV= profile variation of Bowman’s layer; Emax (back): max elevation of 5 mm best-fit sphere of back corneal surface. ISV= index of surface variance; KI= keratoconus index; IVA= index of vertical asymmetry; Ecenter (back): central elevation of 5 mm best-fit sphere of back corneal surface; EPSD = epithelium profile standard deviation; BEI-MAX: maximum ectasia index of Bowman’s layer; Bmin (I): the thinnest thickness of the inferior Bowman’s layer thickness map