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Table 1 Characteristics of study groups

From: Automated diagnosis and staging of Fuchs’ endothelial cell corneal dystrophy using deep learning

 

Healthy Group

(51 eyes of 35 patients)

FECD Group

p value

Early-stage

(30 eyes of 26 patients)

Late-stage

(23 eyes of 20 patients)

FECD clinical grade9

Grade: N (%) of eyes

1: 14 (26%),

2: 16 (33%)

3: 11 (17%),

4: 12 (22%)

Number of eyes

Phakic eyes

31 (60%)

27 (51%)

P = 0.449

Pseudophakic eyes (PC.IOL)

20 (40%)

26 (49%)

Sex

Female

24 (47%)

33 (62%)

P = 0.078*

Male

27 (53%)

20 (38%)

Age (range) years

65 (50-82)

69 (50-95)

P = 0.118**

Mean healthy cornea prediction output

Image level

0.99 ± 0.001

0.09 ± 0.012

0.00 ± 0.00

P < 0.001**

Eye level

0.995 ± 0.003

0.018 ± 0.008

0.00 ± 0.00

P < 0.001**

Mean early-stage FECD prediction output

Image level

0.004 ± 0.001

0.755 ± 0.018

0.205 ± 0.04

P < 0.001**

Eye level

0.002 ± 0.001

0.855 ± 0.083

0.033 ± 0.028

P < 0.001**

Mean late-stage FECD prediction output

Image level

0.001 ± 0.00

0.145 ± 0.015

0.795 ± 0.043

P < 0.001**

Eye level

0.0001 ± 0.00

0.155 ± 0.087

0.967 ± 0.028

P < 0.001**

  1. FECD Fuchs’ endothelial cell corneal dystrophy, PC.IOL posterior chamber intraocular lens
  2. 95% CI: 95 percent confidence interval on the difference between groups
  3. Values are presented as median (range) for age
  4. *P value was calculated using generalized estimating equations (GEE) with logistic link function and exchangeable correlation matrix
  5. **P value was calculated using GEE with identity link function and exchangeable correlation matrix