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Table 1 SMILE reported outcomes for the treatment of refractive myopic astigmatism with cylinder ≥0.75 D

From: Small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) in the correction of myopic astigmatism: outcomes and limitations - an update

Author

Procedure

N

Mean cylinder (D)

Efficacy index

Safety index

Predictability

Correction index

Difference vector

Magnitude of error

Angle of error b

Follow up

Pedersen [20]

SMILE

101

−1.81

NA; 49% of eyes postop UDVA ≥ preop CDVA

NA; 9% lost one line in CDVA

70% of eyes within ±0.5 D of refractive cylinder

0.94

0.31

0.12

0.34

12 months

Chan [23]a

SMILE

54

−1.08

0.85; 76% achieved a UDVA of 20/25

0.97; 7.4% lost one line in CDVA

87% of eyes within ±0.5 D of refractive cylinder

0.858a

0.349a

−0.225a

6.38a

3 months

Chan [23]a

f-LASIK

57

−1.37

0.94; 95% achieved a UDVA of 20/25

0.98; 5.3% lost one line in CDVA

98.2% of eyes within ±0.5 D of refractive cylinder

1.020a

0.090a

0.037a

−0.72a

3 months

Zhang [24]

SMILE

42

−2.48

93% UDVA ≥20/25

0% lost CDVA lines

Mean postop refractive cylinder of −0.38 ± 0.42 D

0.88

0.36

−0.31

1.22

3 months

Zhang [24]

f-LASIK

22

−2.56

91% UDVA ≥20/25

0% lost CDVA lines

Mean postop refractive cylinder of −0.42 ± 0.45 D

0.94

0.42

−0.23

−1

3 months

Ganesh [27]

SMILE

81

−1.85

NA; 61% of eyes postop UDVA ≥ preop CDVA

NA; 0% lost one line in CDVA

86% of eyes within ±0.5 D of refractive cylinder

0.95

0.33

−0.108

4.09 (absolute AE)

3 months

Qian [30]c

SMILE

28 (25)

−1.35 (−2.50)

NA

NA

Mean postop refractive cylinder of −0.42 (−0.48) D

0.94 (0.94)

NA

NA

NA

6 months

Qian [30]c

LASEK

17 (14)

−1.27 (−2.55)

NA

NA

Mean postop refractive cylinder of −0.27 (−0.89) D

0.97 (0.77)

NA

NA

NA

6 months

  1. N = number of eyes; NA = Information not available; SMILE = Small incision lenticule extraction; LASEK = laser-assisted subepithelial keratectomy; f-LASIK = femtosecond-assisted laser in-situ keratomileusis; UDVA = uncorrected distance visual acuity; CDVA = corrected distance visual acuity
  2. aOutcomes reported for low and moderate astigmatism; the presented vector analysis is the specific one for the moderate astigmatism subgroup >1.5D of refractive cylinder; bArithmetic Angle of Error; cOutcomes reported for moderate (1–2 D of cylinder) astigmatism in periods are shown the outcomes for the high (> 2 D) astigmatism subgroup