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Table 4 Prevalence of diabetic macular edema among diabetic subjects

From: Epidemiology of diabetic retinopathy, diabetic macular edema and related vision loss

Author (Year)

Type of study

Location

Type of diabetes

Prevalence (%)

Definition of macular edema

Yau (2012) [3]

Meta-analysis

Global

Overall

7.48

DME and/or CSME

Type 1

14.25

DME and/or CSME

Type 2

5.57

DME and/or CSME

Xie (2008) [214]

Population

China

Unspecified

4

CSME

Jee (2013) [20]

Population

South Korea

Type 2

2.8

DME

1.4

CSME

Wong (2008) [39]

Population

Singapore

Type 2

5.7

DME

3.0

CSME

Zheng (2012) [24]

Population

Singapore

Type 2

7.2

DME

4.5

CSME

Raman (2009) [21]

Population

India

Unspecified

1.4

CSME

Thapa (2014) [32]

Hospital

Nepal

Unspecified

5.78

CSME

Al-Rubeaan (2015) [64]

Population (Registry)

Saudi Arabia

Type 2

5.7

DME

Al Ghamdi (2012) [26]

Population

Saudi Arabia

Unspecified

20.3

Scottish DR Grading M1

15.9

Scottish DR Grading M2 (M2 equivalent to DME)

Papakonstantinou (2015) [27]

Population

Iran

Type 2

4.7

CSME

Thomas (2015) [10]

Population

United Kingdom

Type 1

4.2

DME

Type 2

1.4

DME

Pugliese (2012) [65]

Hospital

Italy

Type 2

1.3

DME

Pedro (2010) [11]

Population

Spain

Type 1

5.73

CSME

Type 2

6.44

CSME

Dutra Medeiros (2015) [66]

Population

Portugal

Type 2

1.4

DME

Bertelsen (2013) [13]

Population

Norway

Types 1 and 2

3.9

DME

Knudsen (2006) [14]

Population

Denmark

Type 1

7.9

CSME

Type 2

12.8

CSME

Zhang (2010) [18]

Population

United States of America

Unspecified

2.7

CSME

Varma (2014) [215]

Population

United States of America

Unspecified

3.8

DME

Petrella (2012) [216]

Population (registry)

Canada

Type 1 and 2

15.7

DME

Nathoo (2010) [67]

Population

Canada

Unspecified

2.0

CSME

Esteves (2009) [68]

Hospital

Brazil

Type 1

9.4

CSME

Villena (2011) [69]

Hospital

Peru

Type 2

2.3

CSME

Thomas (2013) [70]

Hospital

South Africa

Type 1 and 2

3.2

DME

Kahloun (2014) [33]

Hospital

Tunisia

Type 1 and 2

8.7

DME

4.2

CSME

Mathenge (2014) [34]

Population

Kenya

Unspecified

33.3

DME

4.1

CSME

Sharew (2013) [35]

Hospital

Ethiopia

Unspecified

6.0

CSME

Kaidonis (2014) [71]

Pooled population from 11 studies

Australia

Types 1 and 2

7.6

DME

  1. DR diabetic retinopathy, DME diabetic macular edema, CSME clinically significant macular edema