Effect of spectacle lenses with aspherical lenslets on choroidal thickness in myopic children: a 3-year follow-up study

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the participants in each group

Parameter	HAL group	SAL-HAL group	SVL-HAL group	New-SVL control group	ANOVA P value	SVL-HAL vs. new-SVL P value
No. of participants	51	50	41	48	NA	NA
Age (years)	12.67 ± 1.16	12.10 ± 1.25	12.10 ± 1.22	11.98 ± 1.28	0.0025	> 0.999^a
Sex (M/F)	25/26	16/34	23/18	22/26	0.122	NA
Baseline SER (D)	−3.32 ± 1.11	−3.35 ± 1.04	−3.86 ± 0.88	−3.73 ± 1.00	0.024	> 0.999^a
Baseline AL (mm)	25.10 ± 0.78	24.92 ± 0.79	25.38 ± 0.64	25.47 ± 0.80	0.001	> 0.999^a
6-month AL elongation (mm)	0.10 ± 0.08	0.10 ± 0.09	0.08 ± 0.09	0.16 ± 0.07	< 0.001^b	< 0.001^a
1-year AL elongation (mm)	0.17 ± 0.12	0.18 ± 0.14	0.15 ± 0.14	0.28 ± 0.11	< 0.001^b	< 0.001^a

HAL group, continued wearing HAL; SAL-HAL group, switched from wearing SAL to HAL; SVL-HAL group, switched from wearing SVL to HAL; new-SVL group, wore SVL for 1 year
P < 0.05 indicates statistical significance
HAL = spectacle lenses with highly aspherical lenslets; SAL = spectacle lenses with slightly aspherical lenslets; SVL = single vision spectacle lenses; AL = axial length; SER = spherical equivalent refractive error; NA = not applicable
^aBonferroni corrected
^bAdjusted for age, sex, baseline SE and AL

ISSN: 2326-0254